I see more and more graphs like this where real spending increases as interest rates fall.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
That said, I don't see rates rising until the debt is "repudiated". Central banks (namely the Bank of Japan) seems to be artificially suppressing this process, perhaps because debt gives bankers control.
This is what makes me think that the US might face a fate similar to Japan's in the next few years.
I think it's better to let the debt go bad in a more rapid (but probably more painful) process.
And Japan's antics could well result in a global financial crisis it seems.
That home improvement graph makes me think about all the house flipping shows made in 2003/2004/2005. I really think a tv network could get great ratings if they started a "deals gone bad" type show.
There is more evidence today that the housing slump is spilling over into consumer spending.
CR,
If this was the case, wouldn't we expect to see a sharp slowdown in nominal PCE as well? There's no doubt that real PCE was slower in Q2, but the question is why?
Here's nominal YoY PCE since 2000. There's been a slight fall off since 2004, but nothing too drastic. If you look at the last 12 YoY data points, growth in nominal PCE has been pretty flat. Real PCE isn't weak because consumers are spending less, but because inflation has eaten into their purchasing power.
As far as I can tell, we saw this same pattern in 2006 in which the bookend quarters (Q1 and Q4) had strong real PCE (4.8% and 4.2% respectively), while the middle quarters had weaker real PCE (2.6% and 2.8%). Real PCE for Q2 of this year will be weaker, but it's not because consumers are spending fewer dollars. It's because of what they're spending their dollars on.
The housing market has entered another downleg, and the lagged effects of the previous downleg are now slowing consumer spending and corporate profits. If the inventory build peters out into slowing end demand in early Q3, gdp will be very close to zero for the rest of the year. As AC notes, 1990's Japan provides a good model for 2005 - ? US. It took two years after the 1989 peak before it was recognized that a crisis was brewing, but the crisis took the form of a basically insolvent banking system with 15 years of asset deflation and near zero real economic growth. The US has population growth, but a much higher initial debt load, so I'll call that a wash and say 2007 will be a model for the next 5 years or so. Not a crisis in terms living standards for most people, but fairly messy for the highly leveraged.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
I agree.
However - that doesn't mean all firms will suffer the same. Some will do better (or at least less bad) than others.
My guess is those that keep a better lid on their fixed cost investment - even if it means not being able to clamp down as tightly on their variable cost - will do better through this period.
It will be all about 'operational flexibility' and not about 'maximizing leveraged advantage'. The latter was what worked over the last couple decades.
Steve, I think real PCE is better than nominal here. This may be a one quarter slowdown - as you note the last two quarters were strong - but we will not know for a couple more quarters. I expect the spillover debate to pick up after GDP is announced.
Obviously from a growth perspective, real PCE is what matters. But if you're trying to pinpoint the source of the weak real PCE for Q2, I'm not sure how weaker housing/less MEW can be the culprit when consumers are spending the same amount of dollars.
Inventory build and narrower trade deficits Yal. The supply side had a strong Q2, but with a slowing consumer that won't continue and we probably revert to sub 1% by late Q3 or Q4.
Real PCE for Q2 of this year will be weaker, but it's not because consumers are spending fewer dollars. It's because of what they're spending their dollars on.
I think another way of saying that is that spending is switching from discretionary items to essentials, which may not fit well with the current configuration of economy which seems aimed more at these discretionary purchases.
This in combination with the recent increase in the negative savings rate and increased uptake in high interest debt suggests stress.
Also, I think it's interesting how we're seeing this situation today with a weakening dollar, rising oil prices, and falling interest rates which seems to occur alot when we get bad news.
To me this seems consistent with inflation associated with a credit binge.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
Complemented by the "rise of the boomers".
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
Conversely, exacerbated by the "decline of the boomers".
Interesting analogy between US and Japan. Both US now and Japan in the 80s had two problems. A wrong exchange rate and an overleveraged banking system.
In Japanese case, banking leverage was higher (see Chancellor's Devil Take the Hindmost for a good discussion) and their undervalued currency had skewed their economy towards exports and away from consumption. In the US, by contrast, overvalued currency has caused inflation in non-tradable goods such as real estate, tuition, medical costs etc.
I suspect US problems will also take years to correct. In US favor, we tend to let companies go bankrupt, so financial adjustment could happen faster than Japan. But big shifts in the economy (i.e. from non-tradable to exports) never occur quickly or easily. Japan still struggling to move away from a mercantilist economy.
25 years of falling rates was in large measures a manifestation of falling inflation. Real rates have not fallen nearly as much. It is a textbook truism but not a real-world fact that borrowers respond to real borrowing rates. A bit of real, a bit of nomimal. Even so, the whole big run-down in nominal rates gives an exaggerated impression of the easing in credit conditions.
Even so, the whole big run-down in nominal rates gives an exaggerated impression of the easing in credit conditions.
Absolutely. I think the combination of much tighter lending standards and falling asset prices could greatly increase "effective" interest rates even if nominal rates stayed low.
As some other article pointed out, if you're paying 6% interest to buy a house that's depreciating 5% a year, that's more like 11% interest. In some unthinkable Japan-like scenario with a 1% rate of deflation, that would be something like a 12% real rate of interest in unfavorable economic circumstances.
Steve, I clicked on the link, but the chart didn't tell me much, other than that the rate of increase in nominal PCE does seem to be slowing. Your post seems to ignore the obvious problems with retail as reported by Home Depot, Sears, etc.
Anyway, it's good to hear from you. I thought you'd given up. I don't understand how you can think that we are not slowing, when all I have to do is look around my neighborhood, or almost any neighborhood in Michigan, and see that we are at a once in a lifetime real estate debacle. But that's why I come here -- to read different points of view and I always appreciate your references to relevant data.
I don't understand how you can think that we are not slowing, when all I have to do is look around my neighborhood, or almost any neighborhood in Michigan, and see that we are at a once in a lifetime real estate debacle.
Detroit Dan - Steve doesn't live in Detroit so he doesn't see what you see.
Effectively, the economy will slowly suffocate under the weight of stretched consumer balance sheets. I agree that the US should work through it's problems more quickly than Japan did, but that also worries me, because it increases the probability of a disorderly adjustment instead of a long, muddling adjustment with a series of "contained" crises. Of course, 5 years of sub-par economic growth will open up a pretty good output gap, which should be deflationary and leverage unfriendly.
"Jenkins, born in England, and Wuffli, a Swiss native, were quick to scoff at the Americans claim. In recent interviews with Institutional Investor, they asserted that the firm has increased its risk profile to win more business from leveraged-buyout firms and hedge funds. Even so, they vowed they wouldnt sacrifice caution for what might be fleeting gains in what they saw as frothy, even bubbly, markets. "
Wrong move at the top of the market.
Oh well, he is young, maybe he can find a us bank to ride down in total flames.
Dillon Read Capital Management fiasco sealed his fate. Funny to see how much less liability they will face due to their "slow cautious swiss bureaucracy" not approving deals fast enough to attract the bright shiny object hedgie types.
I agree that the US should work through it's problems more quickly than Japan did, but that also worries me, because it increases the probability of a disorderly adjustment instead of a long, muddling adjustment with a series of "contained" crises.
I think it's possible that Japan has merely deferred a crisis with it's policy, despite a gloomy "lost decade".
Looking at Japan's massive public debt and the hurricane of hot money around the globe coming (in part) from the Bank of Japan makes me think the story of "the Original Bubble Economy" isn't over quite yet.
Looking at Japan's massive public debt and the hurricane of hot money around the globe coming (in part) from the Bank of Japan makes me think the story of "the Original Bubble Economy" isn't over quite yet.
I think there is some truth in that.
However their 'lost decade' wasn't all that terrible. Few starved in the street, eh? Personal savings took off even if some of it moved offshore (not so dumb).
Plus they balanced an amazing currency adjustment (Plaza) that was simultaneous with their bubble bursting. Some cause some effect.
The last thing they needed to do was have all those bad debts bust in some kind of Austrian clearing crescendo along with the RE collapse - talk about your mother of all deflationary cycles.
And again - nobody starved.
I don't worship the Japanese but I am VERY impressed how they held a fragile & dangerous situation together even if it dragged on too long AND some of the issues still lingers. It could have been a lot worse.
They aren't out of the woods but there are lessons there for us (1) save more (2) be patient (3) there are worse things than low growth - starving for one.
I have some friends who managed to sell their MA home....but they spent some bucks to beautify it. I think home staging money is going to flow until folks give up on their price expectations.
The conjure bag says BSC is going to test 130. I asked it about the market and all I got was silence.
Disclaimer: Although the conjure bag has moments of lucidity, more often than not it is in a drunken stupor caused by mp enthusiastically feeding it too many drops of German beer, dry vodka martinis and bar pretzels. In others words, do your own homework.
In the early 1930s, after the housing bubble burst, people let their homes to to rubble. In fact they even tore down parts of their homes so that they could pay lower taxes. I expect hard times will come soon and it was smart of the Fed to change the laws to allow home equity loans, as now the banks will get back better property than they took out loans on -- quite the opposite of what happened the Great Depression.
I see more and more graphs like this where real spending increases as interest rates fall.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
That said, I don't see rates rising until the debt is "repudiated". Central banks (namely the Bank of Japan) seems to be artificially suppressing this process, perhaps because debt gives bankers control.
This is what makes me think that the US might face a fate similar to Japan's in the next few years.
I think it's better to let the debt go bad in a more rapid (but probably more painful) process.
And Japan's antics could well result in a global financial crisis it seems.
That home improvement graph makes me think about all the house flipping shows made in 2003/2004/2005. I really think a tv network could get great ratings if they started a "deals gone bad" type show.
There is even more blood on the road. Scramble the vultures!
The ABX close will be something special.
p.s. Bernanke is a loser.
BSC is taking a nice thrashing today. Looks like we're going to test some lows soon.
p.s. Bernanke is a loser.
Sadly, I'm starting to agree.
We've had a whole new debt orgy on his watch that was entirely preventable.
The conjure bag is telling me that, after this morning's S&P report is digested, some financial stocks are going to be bitch-slapped.
There is more evidence today that the housing slump is spilling over into consumer spending.
CR,
If this was the case, wouldn't we expect to see a sharp slowdown in nominal PCE as well? There's no doubt that real PCE was slower in Q2, but the question is why?
Here's nominal YoY PCE since 2000. There's been a slight fall off since 2004, but nothing too drastic. If you look at the last 12 YoY data points, growth in nominal PCE has been pretty flat. Real PCE isn't weak because consumers are spending less, but because inflation has eaten into their purchasing power.
As far as I can tell, we saw this same pattern in 2006 in which the bookend quarters (Q1 and Q4) had strong real PCE (4.8% and 4.2% respectively), while the middle quarters had weaker real PCE (2.6% and 2.8%). Real PCE for Q2 of this year will be weaker, but it's not because consumers are spending fewer dollars. It's because of what they're spending their dollars on.
The housing market has entered another downleg, and the lagged effects of the previous downleg are now slowing consumer spending and corporate profits. If the inventory build peters out into slowing end demand in early Q3, gdp will be very close to zero for the rest of the year. As AC notes, 1990's Japan provides a good model for 2005 - ? US. It took two years after the 1989 peak before it was recognized that a crisis was brewing, but the crisis took the form of a basically insolvent banking system with 15 years of asset deflation and near zero real economic growth. The US has population growth, but a much higher initial debt load, so I'll call that a wash and say 2007 will be a model for the next 5 years or so. Not a crisis in terms living standards for most people, but fairly messy for the highly leveraged.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
I agree.
However - that doesn't mean all firms will suffer the same. Some will do better (or at least less bad) than others.
My guess is those that keep a better lid on their fixed cost investment - even if it means not being able to clamp down as tightly on their variable cost - will do better through this period.
It will be all about 'operational flexibility' and not about 'maximizing leveraged advantage'. The latter was what worked over the last couple decades.
JMHO.
Steve, I think real PCE is better than nominal here. This may be a one quarter slowdown - as you note the last two quarters were strong - but we will not know for a couple more quarters. I expect the spillover debate to pick up after GDP is announced.
Best Wishes.
I expect the spillover debate to pick up after GDP is announced.
CR - have you made a call on GDP?
so why Q2 GDP est are at 2.4%-2.7% ?
CR,
Obviously from a growth perspective, real PCE is what matters. But if you're trying to pinpoint the source of the weak real PCE for Q2, I'm not sure how weaker housing/less MEW can be the culprit when consumers are spending the same amount of dollars.
Inventory build and narrower trade deficits Yal. The supply side had a strong Q2, but with a slowing consumer that won't continue and we probably revert to sub 1% by late Q3 or Q4.
Real PCE for Q2 of this year will be weaker, but it's not because consumers are spending fewer dollars. It's because of what they're spending their dollars on.
I think another way of saying that is that spending is switching from discretionary items to essentials, which may not fit well with the current configuration of economy which seems aimed more at these discretionary purchases.
This in combination with the recent increase in the negative savings rate and increased uptake in high interest debt suggests stress.
Also, I think it's interesting how we're seeing this situation today with a weakening dollar, rising oil prices, and falling interest rates which seems to occur alot when we get bad news.
To me this seems consistent with inflation associated with a credit binge.
BSC is taking a nice thrashing today. Looks like we're going to test some lows soon.
mp | 07.10.07 - 2:52 pm |
lows on bsc, the market?
just yesterday, we were talking dow 18k
with that Hot technical analyst at MKM saying strength in tech was bullish for the market...
so , our support level's are where??
Wild frenzy of petrodollar recycling and Chinese treasury hoarding today:
graph
Bloomberg.com:
Government Bonds
a slump of 20% puts HI investment at around 110bn, which is still the level of 2002.
This slump will be much worse than that, as the flipper is gone. It seems more realistic to assume a return to mid 90's level HII, if not even worse.
And I think that's probably still too conservative an estimate.
I wouldn't expect the huge REO to spend anything on HI. That will take a very big chunk out of possible HII.
It makes me think a lot of the economic growth we've had since 1981 and the unusual lack of recessions is simply due to this phenomenon of 25 years of falling rates.
Complemented by the "rise of the boomers".
It makes me think as rates bottom out we'll be in the opposite situation for 25 years or so.
Conversely, exacerbated by the "decline of the boomers".
Turbo and AC-
Interesting analogy between US and Japan. Both US now and Japan in the 80s had two problems. A wrong exchange rate and an overleveraged banking system.
In Japanese case, banking leverage was higher (see Chancellor's Devil Take the Hindmost for a good discussion) and their undervalued currency had skewed their economy towards exports and away from consumption. In the US, by contrast, overvalued currency has caused inflation in non-tradable goods such as real estate, tuition, medical costs etc.
I suspect US problems will also take years to correct. In US favor, we tend to let companies go bankrupt, so financial adjustment could happen faster than Japan. But big shifts in the economy (i.e. from non-tradable to exports) never occur quickly or easily. Japan still struggling to move away from a mercantilist economy.
25 years of falling rates was in large measures a manifestation of falling inflation. Real rates have not fallen nearly as much. It is a textbook truism but not a real-world fact that borrowers respond to real borrowing rates. A bit of real, a bit of nomimal. Even so, the whole big run-down in nominal rates gives an exaggerated impression of the easing in credit conditions.
Even so, the whole big run-down in nominal rates gives an exaggerated impression of the easing in credit conditions.
Absolutely. I think the combination of much tighter lending standards and falling asset prices could greatly increase "effective" interest rates even if nominal rates stayed low.
As some other article pointed out, if you're paying 6% interest to buy a house that's depreciating 5% a year, that's more like 11% interest. In some unthinkable Japan-like scenario with a 1% rate of deflation, that would be something like a 12% real rate of interest in unfavorable economic circumstances.
Steve, I clicked on the link, but the chart didn't tell me much, other than that the rate of increase in nominal PCE does seem to be slowing. Your post seems to ignore the obvious problems with retail as reported by Home Depot, Sears, etc.
Anyway, it's good to hear from you. I thought you'd given up. I don't understand how you can think that we are not slowing, when all I have to do is look around my neighborhood, or almost any neighborhood in Michigan, and see that we are at a once in a lifetime real estate debacle. But that's why I come here -- to read different points of view and I always appreciate your references to relevant data.
I don't understand how you can think that we are not slowing, when all I have to do is look around my neighborhood, or almost any neighborhood in Michigan, and see that we are at a once in a lifetime real estate debacle.
Detroit Dan - Steve doesn't live in Detroit so he doesn't see what you see.
Effectively, the economy will slowly suffocate under the weight of stretched consumer balance sheets. I agree that the US should work through it's problems more quickly than Japan did, but that also worries me, because it increases the probability of a disorderly adjustment instead of a long, muddling adjustment with a series of "contained" crises. Of course, 5 years of sub-par economic growth will open up a pretty good output gap, which should be deflationary and leverage unfriendly.
UBS canned Wuffli due to hedge fund losses. Guess the Board has no sense of swiss humor regarding losses.
Institutional Investor -- Global finance market news, analysis and research
"Jenkins, born in England, and Wuffli, a Swiss native, were quick to scoff at the Americans claim. In recent interviews with Institutional Investor, they asserted that the firm has increased its risk profile to win more business from leveraged-buyout firms and hedge funds. Even so, they vowed they wouldnt sacrifice caution for what might be fleeting gains in what they saw as frothy, even bubbly, markets. "
Wrong move at the top of the market.
Oh well, he is young, maybe he can find a us bank to ride down in total flames.
Dillon Read Capital Management fiasco sealed his fate. Funny to see how much less liability they will face due to their "slow cautious swiss bureaucracy" not approving deals fast enough to attract the bright shiny object hedgie types.
Toxic waste is coming up from below.
Someday this war's gonna end....
I agree that the US should work through it's problems more quickly than Japan did, but that also worries me, because it increases the probability of a disorderly adjustment instead of a long, muddling adjustment with a series of "contained" crises.
I think it's possible that Japan has merely deferred a crisis with it's policy, despite a gloomy "lost decade".
Looking at Japan's massive public debt and the hurricane of hot money around the globe coming (in part) from the Bank of Japan makes me think the story of "the Original Bubble Economy" isn't over quite yet.
Looking at Japan's massive public debt and the hurricane of hot money around the globe coming (in part) from the Bank of Japan makes me think the story of "the Original Bubble Economy" isn't over quite yet.
I think there is some truth in that.
However their 'lost decade' wasn't all that terrible. Few starved in the street, eh? Personal savings took off even if some of it moved offshore (not so dumb).
Plus they balanced an amazing currency adjustment (Plaza) that was simultaneous with their bubble bursting. Some cause some effect.
The last thing they needed to do was have all those bad debts bust in some kind of Austrian clearing crescendo along with the RE collapse - talk about your mother of all deflationary cycles.
And again - nobody starved.
I don't worship the Japanese but I am VERY impressed how they held a fragile & dangerous situation together even if it dragged on too long AND some of the issues still lingers. It could have been a lot worse.
They aren't out of the woods but there are lessons there for us (1) save more (2) be patient (3) there are worse things than low growth - starving for one.
Even so, the whole big run-down in nominal rates gives an exaggerated impression of the easing in credit conditions.
Exaggerated? When I was a kid everyone didn't have a wallet full of five-figure limit credit cards and 72-month car loans. Remember "lay-a-way"?
There's no question that consumer credit access and growth has been huge these past 25 years.
I have some friends who managed to sell their MA home....but they spent some bucks to beautify it. I think home staging money is going to flow until folks give up on their price expectations.
called_bluff- lows on bsc, the market?
The conjure bag says BSC is going to test 130. I asked it about the market and all I got was silence.
Disclaimer: Although the conjure bag has moments of lucidity, more often than not it is in a drunken stupor caused by mp enthusiastically feeding it too many drops of German beer, dry vodka martinis and bar pretzels. In others words, do your own homework.
I don't. Not much he can do.
In the early 1930s, after the housing bubble burst, people let their homes to to rubble. In fact they even tore down parts of their homes so that they could pay lower taxes. I expect hard times will come soon and it was smart of the Fed to change the laws to allow home equity loans, as now the banks will get back better property than they took out loans on -- quite the opposite of what happened the Great Depression.
The Home Depot situation is not just "home improvements."
They're also re-structuring out of that distribution business that their ex-President got them into--at some cost.
If Lowe's and Menard's have the same reports, THEN pay attention.
I don't live in Detroit. Median Y-O-Y asking is up in my town, and actual selling price is only down a few percent.
On one hand a 20% volume drop from 2005 is huge, on the other hand my local market is still 80% peak turnover.
"March of the relistings" was not such a big deal.
I do not understand where their money comes from, but my neighbors still buy nicer cars and bigger houses than I have.