Well, gee we built the South in the 70s-now. Umm, if Florida is done, and most of the south slows down, and the rustbelt/northeast has enough housing...of course California can still grow- we can build out in those deserts!!!
I don't care how anybody slices it, we now have enough housing stock to last for the next ten years.
Or, as Murray Rothbard just pointed out to me in "America's Great Depression", population growth doesn't have a thing to do with residential housing growth. The question is, do these people have the money?
Steve, although they may be throwing in the towel (and I'm not an apologist for any Wall Street analyst) it's not like their position was totally without merit. The 13-week Treasury Index is actually about 50 bp below the Fed funds rate, so the Fed has room to ease if they wanted to.
Did you even read the complete post? Here is "the point":
If the population had been steady during the '70s (no growth), the U.S. would still have needed to add 9 million housing units because of the shift in household sizes. However, since 2000, if the population had stayed steady, the U.S. would have only had to add 0.4 million housing units - since the average household size has barely changed.
So, unless Dr. Swanson is suggesting there will be another significant decrease in household sizes in the near future, his analysis is apples vs. oranges. The analysis should be adjusted for changes in household size, and Dr. Swanson will discover that the recent level of starts was "unsustainable".
Personally, if Dr. Swanson can convince HBs that they're actually UNDERbuilding, then I'm all for it. The more overbuilding, the harder the crash and the better it will be for responsible first-time buyers like me.
Another beautiful Dummy-Deconstruction by CR! Bravo! If we could just swap out the dummies and idiots for those that can really do some intelligent analysis the way we can change out old burnt-out sparkplugs from our cars we might actually get the economy running normally again.
So Wells Fargo pays Dr. Swanson the big bucks for an analysis on housing that is so off the mark that some anonymous blogger, (OK, a really sharp anonymous blogger) is able to point out serious problems with the analysis before the ink is dry.
And we wonder why banks were willing to write loans to people without checking to see if they actually might be able to pay them back?
P.S. DB, if no one else has mentioned it, BubbleMeter.blogspot.com pays close attention to the D.C. area.
daisycolorado, you missed the point (the same error that Swanson made).
HARM, Thanks.
Steve, I think Wall Street (and the Fed) is surprised by the resilience of 1) employment, and 2) the consumer, 3) non-housing economy. It even looks like the Fed might have to hike!
I still think the next move is a cut, and the odds of a recession are about a coin-flip (no change). A few bad numbers didn't budge me. A few good ones won't either. We will see ...
If you continually build 25 houses per year per 1000 households starting in 1970 then by 2010 you'll have built a brand new home for nearly every household, whether they want one or not. Good thing it tapered off to 16.7 per thousand or we'd have to create demand by tearing down all those pre 1970 homes...
For those that follow the credit markets, Fitch realesed two reports today that are worth the time to register, which is free.
The reports cover the influence of hedge funds across all credit markets and potential implications in an adverse environment. The report also specifically covers points relating to the discussion that Tanta started the other day in regard to potential exposure in CDO's and the potential implications in regard to use the of excessive leverage, the pressure being applied to allo for increased leverage, and the overall size of the leverage present in the markets today.
So, for those that believed the Bloomberg figures in regard to pension exposure, this is an eye opener. It also talks about the correlation in return that may be amplified in a downturn.
"Hedge Funds:The credit Market's New Paradigm"
The second report cover the mortgage insurers and is titled "Deliquencies up at US Private Mortgage Insurers", this too, worth the time to register.
Actually, the missing portion of his analysis is obvious-it's time for everyone to step up to the plate and buy a couple more of houses each.
Everything will be OK then. It'll be cool, each family member with their own house-just like living in the Kennedy compound at Hyannisport or the Bush compund at Kennebunkport.
The demand will make builders busy, the economy will boom, house prices will rise because of demand, everyone will be wealthy because of RE wealth, you could use your equity in your existing house to buy the others....
*accounted for 58% of CDS trading volume last fall, 1/3 of trading volume in structured credit products, ie CDO, CDS, etc CDS market estimated at 29 trillion at the end of 2006
*active buyers of second lien leveraged loans and CDO equity
*no prime broker yet has reported rasing margin requirements due to spread levels at historical lows
*continued pressure to relax credit terms
*hedge funds may use multiple prime brokers, thus eliminating the prime brokers ability to monitor position concentration
*leverage distorted due to derivative use
*CDO equity may be financed on margin reportly up to 50% if desks have familiarlity with the transaction(liquidity comes to mind as a potential concern, ie if you can't sell what you wish, you sell whatever you can)
Due to the above, is my interpretation of the potential for correlation in the credit markets
*Fitch believes that liquidity risk is one of the more important issues facing creadit investors today.
*CCC issuance or lower at the end of March 125B, debt service coverage barely 1.0x
Very comprehensive, and I might add, likely pro-active
CR, thank you for dashing that last hope, although I stopped depositing in Wells in the early 80's. Its a wonder people have so much faith in large companies (via stock market) when they sometimes make profits despite this kind of whoops.
Thanks to youse guys I'm focusing on getting more liquid.
leftcoast, yes. I just wanted to show why comparing the '70s to now is incorrect without doing more work.
I've worked up the steady state annual start numbers based on population growth and demolitions - and that is about 1.7 million per year right now. (Note: there are many assumption that go into this analysis, not mentioned here) Fannie Mae's chief economist Berson did the same analysis and came up with 1.8 million units per year.
Then you have to calculate the excess units (I've estimate between 1.1 and 1.4 million units, Shilling has it over 2.0 million units). Say the excess is 1.2 million units, and you want to work off the excess in 2 years: 1.7 million - 1.2 million/2 years = number of starts. That is how I came up with starts falling to 1.1 million.
Of course starts could stabilize at 1.5 million. Then, with 1.2 million units excess, it would take 6 years to work off the excess.
CR, there's going to be a point where the public builders' share holders and bond holders demand profit and that will require them to pull back housing supply - or if money supply comes so easily to them, they will pull investments from unprofitable markets and push it into profitable markets, perhaps China.
Per the U.S. Census Bureau, currently, we have 2.38 folks per housing unit (home, apartment). In 1980, the ratio stood at 2.56; in 1970, the ratio stood at 2.96.
Personal consumption started running amok in the early '80s. Thus, 1970 and 1980 may be good back of envelope markers for 'normal' times.
If our housing density 'should be' 2.56 folks per housing unit (1980 standard), we have 9.2MM 'excess' housing units, today. If our housing density 'should be' 2.96 folks per housing unit (1970 standard), we have 24.8MM excess housing units, today.
Historically, the number of homes and apartment units built annually runs ~2.0MM. An 'overhang' of 9-25MM housing units means that no new housing units be built for 5-12 years.
Simplified analysis, certainly. But, it gives a reasonable approximation as to how overbuilt we are, today.
Sippn- I think it's past the point of no return. Right now its a race to monetize all the land (by plopping a house on it) for cash flow. Take a look at any major HB's cash flow statements from Q205 thru Q107 and it becomes quite obvious.
They'll stop building when they declare backruptcy. The execs all cashed out already and now it's just a game to see how many more paychecks they can collect.
The average household number would not return to 1980 values and returning to 1970 values is a pure fiction. Americans would have to have a lot more children, namely there would need to be another baby boom.
You cannot have larger number of persons in a households without children. Adults do not like to live with more than one adult. And single households are common and will be even more common with widowing boomers.
CR, have you given a more detailed post about how you calculated your 1.7 mil demand?
I would guess that the explosion of population and the decrease in people per household were related to relative ease people had in having a family they could afford and having a house they could afford.
In the "old money days" not much money was created from thin air. Money from thin air began to be developed towards the current scale as the Gold standards were dismantled.
So i think it is the perception of endlessly increasing borrowing that has created the notion that people can have endlessly increasing standards of living and bigger and better houses with fewer and fewer people in them.
When my mum and dad bought their house in the 1950's this represented a massive financial committment to them. Progressively it has become less and less of a committment until we reach the current absurd position.
The problem for the Bankers is that the Dr from WF has to be right. If he is wrong then the whole thing unwinds so we go back to sound money again and we are more or less debt free again. No banker wants that.
Effectively yes. Paper money is fine and even better since it allows prudent flexibility, but only if by some method the producers of the paper are obliged to maintain the long term value using some form of honest price inflation measure.
Thank you CR for debunking this lousy analysis. I wanted to post a comment on this over at the Register but figured it would be over the heads of most if the comment was posted at all. If it weren't for you and Tanta all we would have is useless spin.
It should be intuitively obvious to the casual observer that the incremental demand for housing is closely related to the growth in the population aged 25 and over. Since few homes are ever torn down, and few people can "move up" without selling their current home, the fundamental demand for new housing is set by the rate at which first-time buyers enter the market, less the rate at which people exiting from the 25-and-over segment return their homes to the market.
(Note that it doesn't matter whether first-time buyers buy new homes themselves or buy existing homes and enable move-up by others into new construction, the number of new homes required by the change in 25-and-over population is the same.)
Massaging and charting the Census Bureau Statistical Abstract Population by Age spreadsheet, one finds that 1972 was the year the leading edge of the baby boom entered the 25 and over segment. In 1972 that segment's growth was 2.42 million, up from 1.4 million in 1971. In 1973 it dropped back to 2.1 million, and in 1999 was only 2.04 million. So while total population in 1999 was 33% greater than in 1972, the net change in the home-owning age segment was smaller even in absolute terms, and so much smaller in relative terms. As percentages of total population in those years, the net changes for the years 1972, 1971, 1973, and 1999 would be, respectively, 1.15%, 0.67%, 1.00%, and 0.73%.
Since the average household size in terms of people 25 and over is probably less than 2.0, but home ownership in that age segment is less than 80%, the underlying annual demand for new construction due to growth in the 25-and-over age segment must be averaging around a million units. Relative to 300 million total population, that's 3.33 homes per thousand, so Swanson's claims that 2005's peak of 7 per thousand wasn't particularly impressive, and the current bottom is unsustainably low, are specious.
Demand for new construction above the 3.3 per thousand level has to be attributed to abandonment and teardowns of existing homes, vacation and second home buying, "investor" purchases, and increases in the ownership rate.
CR: Briliant post. An example how some highly paid "experts" are worthless.
btw, With rising home costs many immigrants are buying large homes for 2 families. Homeowners are adding room mates and some young people are going back to live with their parents.
The rising home costs are a darg on the economy. I never understood why people want to avoid taxes but willing (in order to avoid taxes) willing to pay mortgage interst to banks 3 times as the taxes.
Are banks really doing better for the country with the money than the goverment ? 3 times better ?
The Fitch report cited above reminds us that its not just assets that matter -- its liabilities: who funds them, how sticky they are, and whether they all get pulled at the same time.
The fact is our pool of $8tr in mortgage credit is financed, on the margin, by hedge funds that are subject to massive, correlated margin calls. Such a "liquidity event" would cause a step-function decline in the amount of credit available for mortgages. This, given the stock of unsold homes, would in turn cause a collapse in housing prices.
Here's the Fitch excerpt (via Mish):
The inherent instability of hedge funds as an investor class arising in large part from their reliance on short-term, margin-based leverage is distinctly different from more traditional buy-and-hold institutional investors and relationship-oriented bank lenders. Given the continued growth of hedge funds in the credit markets, the potential for a more synchronous, forced unwind of credit assets cannot be discounted. For example, Amaranth was reported to have sold leveraged loans and residential mortgage-backed securities to meet margin calls on its natural gas positions.
absolutely cannot be discounted. If you can't sell what you want to, you sell everything you can, thus the ability to have correlation amongst non-correlated assets.
I want to see the pension fiduciaries get to the point where they force regulation and ultimately take responsibility for the hedge exposure, unfortunately, this may come at the expense of future returns or lack thereof.
I love the Internet ... it only takes a few bright bloggers seconds to dismantle the flimsy analysis of a PhD. I wonder what school granted this guy his PhD, they ought to think about retracting it.
Here is another variable the good Dr. didn't factor in to his analysis: the demographic makeup of most of the population increase since the 1970's. Most if not all of the growth has been due to immigration, including illegal immigration. Poor immigrants have less income and also larger household sizes. The assumption made by this guy is that the demographic makeup of the US is the same as the 1970's, which is obviously false.
I would also argue that you are seeing leveraged-based derivatives effects now, dollar down, gold down, interest rates up.
The system is overrun with the leverage, the distortions could be immense and as I have stated will force a repricing of risk premiums, particularly in the HY space. This will have a pronounced effect on the PE and LBO space, thus my contention that that shit is over.
Wasn't there a pretty big shift underway in where we lived, how we lived, and so on? If we were on the way from a lower to a higher rate of home ownership back in the 1970s, don't we need to compare the size of the existing housing stock then and now to get some idea of the comparability of data on the flow of new homes?
June 6 (Bloomberg) -- U.S. worker productivity last quarter grew less than the government initially estimated and labor costs rose more than forecast, giving the Federal Reserve reason to remain concerned about inflation.
Ya just gotta love 'unsustainably low'. What a hoot. Just built right into it is marketing con-artistry, and an obvious mix of 'right to profit', and an incredibly naive 'nothing can ever really change attitude'. That is just about the most empty, self serving, delusional phrase I've seen in 7 years of empty delusional self serving con-artistry.
And all in only two words. This guy definitely has a future in marketing.
CR: "In the near future I'll discuss interest rates and the impact on housing."
As interest rates are rising, I am anxious to hear your discussion on this! I believe I caught a whiff that you felt (altho I certainly might be wrong about this) that interest rates don't directly affect housing prices, which I don't understand.
You cannot have larger number of persons in a households without children. Adults do not like to live with more than one adult. And single households are common and will be even more common with widowing boomers.
Because NONE of these 20ish FB will be forced by foreclosure to either move back with Mom and Dad or to move into a group house. I lived with others for ~10 years after graduating college. I didn't LIKE it but there you are. During that period, my ex-college roomate got foreclosed on and moved back in with Mom and Dad.
Now I'm NOT asserting that this factor won't be statistically significant, but the idea that it won't happen because people don't WANT to have larger households households implies that affordability is never a factor.
I'm not arguing the possibility of increasing the average household number but the scale. Small adjustment is quite possible but return to 1980s values requires a huge wave of moving to Mom and Dad or a baby boom (and to 1970s a miracle). The group that would "compact" is quite small. Even foreclosed people would probably end up renting, occupying again a single unit.
I think CR's estimate of the housing overhang of 1.1-1.4 mil units is too low but jg's estimate of 9-25 mil is way too high.
Voice,
"unsustainably"...what's his time frame? 3 months, 30 months, longer?
Also, I heard a radio interview with Lereah after he left the NAR. I was shocked how balanced he was; stating that many markets were "out of whack", predicting further declines in certain markets, deriding flippers, recommending people only buy if they have 20% down payments, etc.
He sounded like a convert.
"Also, I heard a radio interview with Lereah after he left the NAR. I was shocked how balanced he was; stating that many markets were "out of whack", predicting further declines in certain markets, deriding flippers, recommending people only buy if they have 20% down payments, etc.
He sounded like a convert."
He's obviously been browsing this blog! In fact, maybe he's one of our posters... I've had my suspicions...
NEW YORK (Reuters) -- Insurance company Prudential Financial Inc. said on Wednesday that it will shut down its institutional stock research and trading business, Prudential Equity Group.
The move will impact offices and trading operations in nine U.S. cities as well as in London, Zurich, Paris and Tokyo. Prudential Equity Group also said it is dropping coverage of the sectors and companies it covers, effective immediately.
I humbly suggest you re-examine the assumptions that lead you to believe that the steady state annual start number based on population growth and demolitions is about 1.7 million per year. Even in the '90s when starts were below that, the home ownership rate was increasing by half a percentage point per year, strong evidence that those start levels were above steady-state.
Regarding demolitions in particular, in my neck of the sparsely-wooded plains, they have been characterized by the building of million-dollar (literally, on average) McMansions in quantities such that there are multiple years of inventory in the million-plus range even at bubble-era sales rates. The coming carnage in the high end due to this glut is going to bring this fad to a screeching, crunching, crumpling halt.
Great info. Is there a more detailed study taking into account issues as pointed out in jm's comments above (population segmentation) and perhaps also taking into account segment of population more likely to own a 2nd home has grown ? This is quite an education. If anyone has questions re: framing lumber, I could help. jamesvoyager@hotmail.com
""Overall housing levels are historically strong, but sales remain sluggish compared to the recent boom," Lawrence Yun, the Realtors' senior economist, said statement in the latest forecast. "Home sales will probably fluctuate in a narrow range in the short run, but gradually trend upward with improving activity by the end of the year.""
Nice to know there's still someone unrealistically positive at the helm...
:::: http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html sacramento municipal court sacramento municipal court [URL=http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html]sacramento municipal court[/URL] personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html [link=http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html]sacramento municipal court[/link] *
Ya just gotta love 'unsustainably low'. What a hoot.
and I have to agree that his association with the industry and not our (freely elected) representatives (with or without full deep freezers) does make this easy...given our finely honed skills from years of squashing Lereah statements.
But in keeping with that training, I think it's important to note that CR doesn't opt for
"Any confidence in the Swanson analysis is unsustainably low...and about disappear altogether."
Now that might be the end result of taking this (Dr of medicine maybe?) Swanson's argument apart but only after the work is done --starting with "This analysis is incorrect."
Quote: Bankers (Spanish)have said to me, `Why do you care if the appraisal is fake? It will be true in the future.''
and
The amount of Spanish families' wealth tied up in property in 2004 amounted to 4.3 trillion euros, or 510 percent of gross domestic product, according to the Bank of Spain. U.S. households held $17.2 trillion of real estate, or 159 percent of GDP, in the same period, according to the Federal Reserve.
Sheesh, and I thought the US was in trouble.
As I hear more from other parts of the world, it seems to me we are on the brink of a global RE bust.
"Wells is counting the 100MM illegals they want to bring in over the next 15 years. They'll need somewhere to live right?"
Actually it's Bank of America and they already have a head start on Wells and the other banks by issuing bank accounts to illegals.
Now, when 10's of millions of illegals become full-time US citizens with passage of the immigration bill, there will then be a huge pool of potential first-time homebuyers.
Thus the plankton population will once again be rejuvenated for the next housing boom.
poszi, I think that we have a big, big slowdown coming (due to the record household debt/income ratio). With that, taxes will be going down, social programs will be going down, and employment will be going down.
I think that there will be a return to more-folks-per-household as kids move back with parents and retirees move back with grown children, all in a move to economize.
Sorry for the long delay in responding, but I think you still missed the point.
The average number of households for the 1970s was 71,000,000; for the first 7 years of this decade the average has been 106,907,000 or an increase of 50.5%
The average number of housing starts in the 1970s was 1,758,142; the average for the first seen years of 2007 was 1,785,483 or an increase of just 1.6%
Households up 50.5% starts up just 1.6%, as a result starts per 1000 households falls from 24.9 to 16.7.
Housing activity relative to household formation has been low.
I don't buy Swanson's conclusion that this means we need more homebuilding because it ignores the severe overhang of unsold inventories, but it does suggest that the longer term fundamentals for housing are not as bleak as many here portray it.
Well, gee we built the South in the 70s-now. Umm, if Florida is done, and most of the south slows down, and the rustbelt/northeast has enough housing...of course California can still grow- we can build out in those deserts!!!
I don't care how anybody slices it, we now have enough housing stock to last for the next ten years.
So who wants to buy a house?
Or, as Murray Rothbard just pointed out to me in "America's Great Depression", population growth doesn't have a thing to do with residential housing growth. The question is, do these people have the money?
I think we know the answer to that one.
Interesting developments in the last few days:
Merrill's Rosenberg Drops Forecast for Fed Rate Cuts
Although given Rosenberg's track record in the last few years, I wonder if this means the Fed will cut tomorrow.
And Hatzius has a sense of humor about his turnaround:
Goldman's Hatzius Eats `Crow,' Drops Fed Cut Forecast
I think you are missing the point.
In the 1970s, the US built on average 24.9 new housing starts per 1000 households every year.
Since 2000 the US has built only 16.7 starts per 1000 households per year.
Do the math and you will see what Swanson is talking about.
1972... I remember it well. Just married, first kid on the way. There were millions of us and we all wanted houses.
Steve, although they may be throwing in the towel (and I'm not an apologist for any Wall Street analyst) it's not like their position was totally without merit. The 13-week Treasury Index is actually about 50 bp below the Fed funds rate, so the Fed has room to ease if they wanted to.
Sebastia
@daisycolorado,
Did you even read the complete post? Here is "the point":
If the population had been steady during the '70s (no growth), the U.S. would still have needed to add 9 million housing units because of the shift in household sizes. However, since 2000, if the population had stayed steady, the U.S. would have only had to add 0.4 million housing units - since the average household size has barely changed.
So, unless Dr. Swanson is suggesting there will be another significant decrease in household sizes in the near future, his analysis is apples vs. oranges. The analysis should be adjusted for changes in household size, and Dr. Swanson will discover that the recent level of starts was "unsustainable".
Personally, if Dr. Swanson can convince HBs that they're actually UNDERbuilding, then I'm all for it. The more overbuilding, the harder the crash and the better it will be for responsible first-time buyers like me.
Bring on the building!
Anybody have a take on Washington DC & Virginia real estate (residential)? Curious...
thx in advance
Another beautiful Dummy-Deconstruction by CR! Bravo! If we could just swap out the dummies and idiots for those that can really do some intelligent analysis the way we can change out old burnt-out sparkplugs from our cars we might actually get the economy running normally again.
So Wells Fargo pays Dr. Swanson the big bucks for an analysis on housing that is so off the mark that some anonymous blogger, (OK, a really sharp anonymous blogger) is able to point out serious problems with the analysis before the ink is dry.
And we wonder why banks were willing to write loans to people without checking to see if they actually might be able to pay them back?
P.S. DB, if no one else has mentioned it, BubbleMeter.blogspot.com pays close attention to the D.C. area.
daisycolorado, you missed the point (the same error that Swanson made).
HARM, Thanks.
Steve, I think Wall Street (and the Fed) is surprised by the resilience of 1) employment, and 2) the consumer, 3) non-housing economy. It even looks like the Fed might have to hike!
I still think the next move is a cut, and the odds of a recession are about a coin-flip (no change). A few bad numbers didn't budge me. A few good ones won't either. We will see ...
Best to all.
CR,
Shouldn't the important statistic be "net" new starts. After all, some of that new construction is replacing worn out housing stock.
If you continually build 25 houses per year per 1000 households starting in 1970 then by 2010 you'll have built a brand new home for nearly every household, whether they want one or not. Good thing it tapered off to 16.7 per thousand or we'd have to create demand by tearing down all those pre 1970 homes...
For those that follow the credit markets, Fitch realesed two reports today that are worth the time to register, which is free.
The reports cover the influence of hedge funds across all credit markets and potential implications in an adverse environment. The report also specifically covers points relating to the discussion that Tanta started the other day in regard to potential exposure in CDO's and the potential implications in regard to use the of excessive leverage, the pressure being applied to allo for increased leverage, and the overall size of the leverage present in the markets today.
So, for those that believed the Bloomberg figures in regard to pension exposure, this is an eye opener. It also talks about the correlation in return that may be amplified in a downturn.
"Hedge Funds:The credit Market's New Paradigm"
The second report cover the mortgage insurers and is titled "Deliquencies up at US Private Mortgage Insurers", this too, worth the time to register.
You can access the site at FitchResearch
Both reports have summary articles, the comprehensive hedge report is accessible off of the opening page once registration is complete.
Actually, the missing portion of his analysis is obvious-it's time for everyone to step up to the plate and buy a couple more of houses each.
Everything will be OK then. It'll be cool, each family member with their own house-just like living in the Kennedy compound at Hyannisport or the Bush compund at Kennebunkport.
The demand will make builders busy, the economy will boom, house prices will rise because of demand, everyone will be wealthy because of RE wealth, you could use your equity in your existing house to buy the others....
He also forgot to adjust for the homeownership rate.
Couple of points on the Fitch report-
*estimates of 4-6 trillion in investable assets
*accounted for 58% of CDS trading volume last fall, 1/3 of trading volume in structured credit products, ie CDO, CDS, etc CDS market estimated at 29 trillion at the end of 2006
*active buyers of second lien leveraged loans and CDO equity
*no prime broker yet has reported rasing margin requirements due to spread levels at historical lows
*continued pressure to relax credit terms
*hedge funds may use multiple prime brokers, thus eliminating the prime brokers ability to monitor position concentration
*leverage distorted due to derivative use
*CDO equity may be financed on margin reportly up to 50% if desks have familiarlity with the transaction(liquidity comes to mind as a potential concern, ie if you can't sell what you wish, you sell whatever you can)
Due to the above, is my interpretation of the potential for correlation in the credit markets
*Fitch believes that liquidity risk is one of the more important issues facing creadit investors today.
*CCC issuance or lower at the end of March 125B, debt service coverage barely 1.0x
Very comprehensive, and I might add, likely pro-active
CR, thank you for dashing that last hope, although I stopped depositing in Wells in the early 80's. Its a wonder people have so much faith in large companies (via stock market) when they sometimes make profits despite this kind of whoops.
Thanks to youse guys I'm focusing on getting more liquid.
leftcoast, yes. I just wanted to show why comparing the '70s to now is incorrect without doing more work.
I've worked up the steady state annual start numbers based on population growth and demolitions - and that is about 1.7 million per year right now. (Note: there are many assumption that go into this analysis, not mentioned here) Fannie Mae's chief economist Berson did the same analysis and came up with 1.8 million units per year.
Then you have to calculate the excess units (I've estimate between 1.1 and 1.4 million units, Shilling has it over 2.0 million units). Say the excess is 1.2 million units, and you want to work off the excess in 2 years: 1.7 million - 1.2 million/2 years = number of starts. That is how I came up with starts falling to 1.1 million.
Of course starts could stabilize at 1.5 million. Then, with 1.2 million units excess, it would take 6 years to work off the excess.
Best Wishes.
CR, there's going to be a point where the public builders' share holders and bond holders demand profit and that will require them to pull back housing supply - or if money supply comes so easily to them, they will pull investments from unprofitable markets and push it into profitable markets, perhaps China.
Here's my arithmetic on the housing overhang.
Per the U.S. Census Bureau, currently, we have 2.38 folks per housing unit (home, apartment). In 1980, the ratio stood at 2.56; in 1970, the ratio stood at 2.96.
Personal consumption started running amok in the early '80s. Thus, 1970 and 1980 may be good back of envelope markers for 'normal' times.
If our housing density 'should be' 2.56 folks per housing unit (1980 standard), we have 9.2MM 'excess' housing units, today. If our housing density 'should be' 2.96 folks per housing unit (1970 standard), we have 24.8MM excess housing units, today.
Historically, the number of homes and apartment units built annually runs ~2.0MM. An 'overhang' of 9-25MM housing units means that no new housing units be built for 5-12 years.
Simplified analysis, certainly. But, it gives a reasonable approximation as to how overbuilt we are, today.
Sippn- I think it's past the point of no return. Right now its a race to monetize all the land (by plopping a house on it) for cash flow. Take a look at any major HB's cash flow statements from Q205 thru Q107 and it becomes quite obvious.
They'll stop building when they declare backruptcy. The execs all cashed out already and now it's just a game to see how many more paychecks they can collect.
jg,
The average household number would not return to 1980 values and returning to 1970 values is a pure fiction. Americans would have to have a lot more children, namely there would need to be another baby boom.
You cannot have larger number of persons in a households without children. Adults do not like to live with more than one adult. And single households are common and will be even more common with widowing boomers.
CR, have you given a more detailed post about how you calculated your 1.7 mil demand?
A stunning trend. Notice the shift in the avg prices of REO added/removed:
9,000 foreclosures
I would guess that the explosion of population and the decrease in people per household were related to relative ease people had in having a family they could afford and having a house they could afford.
In the "old money days" not much money was created from thin air. Money from thin air began to be developed towards the current scale as the Gold standards were dismantled.
So i think it is the perception of endlessly increasing borrowing that has created the notion that people can have endlessly increasing standards of living and bigger and better houses with fewer and fewer people in them.
When my mum and dad bought their house in the 1950's this represented a massive financial committment to them. Progressively it has become less and less of a committment until we reach the current absurd position.
The problem for the Bankers is that the Dr from WF has to be right. If he is wrong then the whole thing unwinds so we go back to sound money again and we are more or less debt free again. No banker wants that.
"You cannot have larger number of persons in a households without children. Adults do not like to live with more than one adult."
Via this logic nobody ever gets poorer or is obliged by circumstances to have something less than they want.
Maybe it is time for a reality check?
Worried - By "sound money" to you mean backed by gold (or silver or something)?
Jus me
Effectively yes. Paper money is fine and even better since it allows prudent flexibility, but only if by some method the producers of the paper are obliged to maintain the long term value using some form of honest price inflation measure.
Thank you CR for debunking this lousy analysis. I wanted to post a comment on this over at the Register but figured it would be over the heads of most if the comment was posted at all. If it weren't for you and Tanta all we would have is useless spin.
It should be intuitively obvious to the casual observer that the incremental demand for housing is closely related to the growth in the population aged 25 and over. Since few homes are ever torn down, and few people can "move up" without selling their current home, the fundamental demand for new housing is set by the rate at which first-time buyers enter the market, less the rate at which people exiting from the 25-and-over segment return their homes to the market.
(Note that it doesn't matter whether first-time buyers buy new homes themselves or buy existing homes and enable move-up by others into new construction, the number of new homes required by the change in 25-and-over population is the same.)
Massaging and charting the Census Bureau Statistical Abstract Population by Age spreadsheet, one finds that 1972 was the year the leading edge of the baby boom entered the 25 and over segment. In 1972 that segment's growth was 2.42 million, up from 1.4 million in 1971. In 1973 it dropped back to 2.1 million, and in 1999 was only 2.04 million. So while total population in 1999 was 33% greater than in 1972, the net change in the home-owning age segment was smaller even in absolute terms, and so much smaller in relative terms. As percentages of total population in those years, the net changes for the years 1972, 1971, 1973, and 1999 would be, respectively, 1.15%, 0.67%, 1.00%, and 0.73%.
Since the average household size in terms of people 25 and over is probably less than 2.0, but home ownership in that age segment is less than 80%, the underlying annual demand for new construction due to growth in the 25-and-over age segment must be averaging around a million units. Relative to 300 million total population, that's 3.33 homes per thousand, so Swanson's claims that 2005's peak of 7 per thousand wasn't particularly impressive, and the current bottom is unsustainably low, are specious.
Demand for new construction above the 3.3 per thousand level has to be attributed to abandonment and teardowns of existing homes, vacation and second home buying, "investor" purchases, and increases in the ownership rate.
More on CFC REO:
This amounts to a grand total of $360 million.
Actual number would quickly be $500M.
CR: Briliant post. An example how some highly paid "experts" are worthless.
btw, With rising home costs many immigrants are buying large homes for 2 families. Homeowners are adding room mates and some young people are going back to live with their parents.
The rising home costs are a darg on the economy. I never understood why people want to avoid taxes but willing (in order to avoid taxes) willing to pay mortgage interst to banks 3 times as the taxes.
Are banks really doing better for the country with the money than the goverment ? 3 times better ?
The Fitch report cited above reminds us that its not just assets that matter -- its liabilities: who funds them, how sticky they are, and whether they all get pulled at the same time.
The fact is our pool of $8tr in mortgage credit is financed, on the margin, by hedge funds that are subject to massive, correlated margin calls. Such a "liquidity event" would cause a step-function decline in the amount of credit available for mortgages. This, given the stock of unsold homes, would in turn cause a collapse in housing prices.
Here's the Fitch excerpt (via Mish):
The inherent instability of hedge funds as an investor class arising in large part from their reliance on short-term, margin-based leverage is distinctly different from more traditional buy-and-hold institutional investors and relationship-oriented bank lenders. Given the continued growth of hedge funds in the credit markets, the potential for a more synchronous, forced unwind of credit assets cannot be discounted. For example, Amaranth was reported to have sold leveraged loans and residential mortgage-backed securities to meet margin calls on its natural gas positions.
Inventories show uncharacteristic rise-
Rise in Home Inventory Continues to Hurt Prices - WSJ.com
David,
absolutely cannot be discounted. If you can't sell what you want to, you sell everything you can, thus the ability to have correlation amongst non-correlated assets.
I want to see the pension fiduciaries get to the point where they force regulation and ultimately take responsibility for the hedge exposure, unfortunately, this may come at the expense of future returns or lack thereof.
I love the Internet ... it only takes a few bright bloggers seconds to dismantle the flimsy analysis of a PhD. I wonder what school granted this guy his PhD, they ought to think about retracting it.
Here is another variable the good Dr. didn't factor in to his analysis: the demographic makeup of most of the population increase since the 1970's. Most if not all of the growth has been due to immigration, including illegal immigration. Poor immigrants have less income and also larger household sizes. The assumption made by this guy is that the demographic makeup of the US is the same as the 1970's, which is obviously false.
I would also argue that you are seeing leveraged-based derivatives effects now, dollar down, gold down, interest rates up.
The system is overrun with the leverage, the distortions could be immense and as I have stated will force a repricing of risk premiums, particularly in the HY space. This will have a pronounced effect on the PE and LBO space, thus my contention that that shit is over.
and as David pointed out, Mish's summary of the Fitch report-
Mish's Global etc.
Go, Weatherman!
Wasn't there a pretty big shift underway in where we lived, how we lived, and so on? If we were on the way from a lower to a higher rate of home ownership back in the 1970s, don't we need to compare the size of the existing housing stock then and now to get some idea of the comparability of data on the flow of new homes?
June 6 (Bloomberg) -- U.S. worker productivity last quarter grew less than the government initially estimated and labor costs rose more than forecast, giving the Federal Reserve reason to remain concerned about inflation.
CR: Do you still think we are heading for a rate cut ?
Do you think the move in the 10Yr is due to "economic streangth" ? (I don't)
what is driving the 10Yr higher ? who maybe selling and why or used to be a buyer and no more ?
yen higher vs Euro despite Euro rate hike.
Ya just gotta love 'unsustainably low'. What a hoot. Just built right into it is marketing con-artistry, and an obvious mix of 'right to profit', and an incredibly naive 'nothing can ever really change attitude'. That is just about the most empty, self serving, delusional phrase I've seen in 7 years of empty delusional self serving con-artistry.
And all in only two words. This guy definitely has a future in marketing.
I'd nominate him as the next David Learah.
CR: "In the near future I'll discuss interest rates and the impact on housing."
As interest rates are rising, I am anxious to hear your discussion on this! I believe I caught a whiff that you felt (altho I certainly might be wrong about this) that interest rates don't directly affect housing prices, which I don't understand.
You cannot have larger number of persons in a households without children. Adults do not like to live with more than one adult. And single households are common and will be even more common with widowing boomers.
Because NONE of these 20ish FB will be forced by foreclosure to either move back with Mom and Dad or to move into a group house. I lived with others for ~10 years after graduating college. I didn't LIKE it but there you are. During that period, my ex-college roomate got foreclosed on and moved back in with Mom and Dad.
Now I'm NOT asserting that this factor won't be statistically significant, but the idea that it won't happen because people don't WANT to have larger households households implies that affordability is never a factor.
liar-loan still going strong:
S&P: Alt-A Issuance Strong in First Quarter : HousingWire || financial news for the mortgage market
Home sales and prices to fall more than expected in '07. Median existing home price to fall 1.3 %, National Assoc. of Realtors says.
Jim a,
I'm not arguing the possibility of increasing the average household number but the scale. Small adjustment is quite possible but return to 1980s values requires a huge wave of moving to Mom and Dad or a baby boom (and to 1970s a miracle). The group that would "compact" is quite small. Even foreclosed people would probably end up renting, occupying again a single unit.
I think CR's estimate of the housing overhang of 1.1-1.4 mil units is too low but jg's estimate of 9-25 mil is way too high.
Voice,
"unsustainably"...what's his time frame? 3 months, 30 months, longer?
Also, I heard a radio interview with Lereah after he left the NAR. I was shocked how balanced he was; stating that many markets were "out of whack", predicting further declines in certain markets, deriding flippers, recommending people only buy if they have 20% down payments, etc.
He sounded like a convert.
DB- For Northern VA suburbs Northern Virginia Real Estate Guide Blog
is a good blog with quite a bit of data.
"Also, I heard a radio interview with Lereah after he left the NAR. I was shocked how balanced he was; stating that many markets were "out of whack", predicting further declines in certain markets, deriding flippers, recommending people only buy if they have 20% down payments, etc.
He sounded like a convert."
He's obviously been browsing this blog! In fact, maybe he's one of our posters... I've had my suspicions...
NEW YORK (Reuters) -- Insurance company Prudential Financial Inc. said on Wednesday that it will shut down its institutional stock research and trading business, Prudential Equity Group.
The move will impact offices and trading operations in nine U.S. cities as well as in London, Zurich, Paris and Tokyo. Prudential Equity Group also said it is dropping coverage of the sectors and companies it covers, effective immediately.
CR,
I humbly suggest you re-examine the assumptions that lead you to believe that the steady state annual start number based on population growth and demolitions is about 1.7 million per year. Even in the '90s when starts were below that, the home ownership rate was increasing by half a percentage point per year, strong evidence that those start levels were above steady-state.
Regarding demolitions in particular, in my neck of the sparsely-wooded plains, they have been characterized by the building of million-dollar (literally, on average) McMansions in quantities such that there are multiple years of inventory in the million-plus range even at bubble-era sales rates. The coming carnage in the high end due to this glut is going to bring this fad to a screeching, crunching, crumpling halt.
Yap,
I was thinking that for a while that 'risk capital' is really Lereah.......
Great info. Is there a more detailed study taking into account issues as pointed out in jm's comments above (population segmentation) and perhaps also taking into account segment of population more likely to own a 2nd home has grown ? This is quite an education. If anyone has questions re: framing lumber, I could help. jamesvoyager@hotmail.com
Home price drop to be worse than expected, say Realtors - Jun. 6, 2007
"Home Prices Seen Getting Worse Still"
""Overall housing levels are historically strong, but sales remain sluggish compared to the recent boom," Lawrence Yun, the Realtors' senior economist, said statement in the latest forecast. "Home sales will probably fluctuate in a narrow range in the short run, but gradually trend upward with improving activity by the end of the year.""
Nice to know there's still someone unrealistically positive at the helm...
the future :
Ghost Towns Appear in Spain as Decade-Long Boom Ends (Update2) - Bloomberg.com
:::: http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html sacramento municipal court sacramento municipal court [URL=http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html]sacramento municipal court[/URL] personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html [link=http://personalusguide.info/sacramento-municipal-court.html]sacramento municipal court[/link] *
So hootable 'Wilderness opines:
Ya just gotta love 'unsustainably low'. What a hoot.
and I have to agree that his association with the industry and not our (freely elected) representatives (with or without full deep freezers) does make this easy...given our finely honed skills from years of squashing Lereah statements.
But in keeping with that training, I think it's important to note that CR doesn't opt for
"Any confidence in the Swanson analysis is unsustainably low...and about disappear altogether."
Now that might be the end result of taking this (Dr of medicine maybe?) Swanson's argument apart but only after the work is done --starting with "This analysis is incorrect."
what impact does a higher divorce rate and delayed marriage age have on this?
Per capita divorce rates 1990-2002:
1991, 0.47%
1992, 0.48%
1993, 0.46%
1994, 0.46%
1995, 0.46%
1995, 0.43%
1997, 0.43%,
1998, 0.42%,
1999, 0.41%,
2000, 0.41%,
2001, 0.40%,
2002, 0.38%
From YAL post above regarding Spain's RE Boom
Quote: Bankers (Spanish)have said to me, `Why do you care if the appraisal is fake? It will be true in the future.''
and
The amount of Spanish families' wealth tied up in property in 2004 amounted to 4.3 trillion euros, or 510 percent of gross domestic product, according to the Bank of Spain. U.S. households held $17.2 trillion of real estate, or 159 percent of GDP, in the same period, according to the Federal Reserve.
Sheesh, and I thought the US was in trouble.
As I hear more from other parts of the world, it seems to me we are on the brink of a global RE bust.
Wells is counting the 100MM illegals they want to bring in over the next 15 years. They'll need somewhere to live right?
Ding, ding, ding...we have a winner.
"Wells is counting the 100MM illegals they want to bring in over the next 15 years. They'll need somewhere to live right?"
Actually it's Bank of America and they already have a head start on Wells and the other banks by issuing bank accounts to illegals.
Now, when 10's of millions of illegals become full-time US citizens with passage of the immigration bill, there will then be a huge pool of potential first-time homebuyers.
Thus the plankton population will once again be rejuvenated for the next housing boom.
Or so they say ;>)
poszi, I think that we have a big, big slowdown coming (due to the record household debt/income ratio). With that, taxes will be going down, social programs will be going down, and employment will be going down.
I think that there will be a return to more-folks-per-household as kids move back with parents and retirees move back with grown children, all in a move to economize.
Yal, DC - partial answer: Viagra introduced 1998. Ha!
Sorry for the long delay in responding, but I think you still missed the point.
The average number of households for the 1970s was 71,000,000; for the first 7 years of this decade the average has been 106,907,000 or an increase of 50.5%
The average number of housing starts in the 1970s was 1,758,142; the average for the first seen years of 2007 was 1,785,483 or an increase of just 1.6%
Households up 50.5% starts up just 1.6%, as a result starts per 1000 households falls from 24.9 to 16.7.
Housing activity relative to household formation has been low.
I don't buy Swanson's conclusion that this means we need more homebuilding because it ignores the severe overhang of unsold inventories, but it does suggest that the longer term fundamentals for housing are not as bleak as many here portray it.